Power Consumption Analysis, Measurement, Management, and Issues:A State-of-the-Art Review of Smartphone Battery and Energy Usage

The advancement and popularity of smartphones have made it an essential and all-purpose device. But lack of advancement in battery technology has held back its optimum potential. Therefore, considering its scarcity, optimal use and efficient management of energy are crucial in a smartphone. For that, a fair understanding of a smartphone's energy consumption factors is necessary for both users and device manufacturers, along with other stakeholders in the smartphone ecosystem. It is important to assess how much of the device's energy is consumed by which components and under what circumstances. This paper provides a generalized, but detailed analysis of the power consumption causes (internal and external) of a smartphone and also offers suggestive measures to minimize the consumption for each factor. The main contribution of this paper is four comprehensive literature reviews on: 1) smartphone's power consumption assessment and estimation (including power consumption analysis and modelling); 2) power consumption management for smartphones (including energy-saving methods and techniques); 3) state-of-the-art of the research and commercial developments of smartphone batteries (including alternative power sources); and 4) mitigating the hazardous issues of smartphones' batteries (with a details explanation of the issues). The research works are further subcategorized based on different research and solution approaches. A good number of recent empirical research works are considered for this comprehensive review, and each of them is succinctly analysed and discussed

Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead

Review of 3D Imaging by Coded Aperture Correlation Holography (COACH)

Coded aperture correlation holography (COACH) is a relatively new technique to record holograms of incoherently illuminated scenes. In this review, we survey the main milestones in the COACH topic from two main points of view. First, we review the prime architectures of optical hologram recorders in the family of COACH systems. Second, we discuss some of the key applications of these recorders in the field of imaging in general, and for 3D super-resolution imaging, partial aperture imaging, and seeing through scattering medium, in particular. We summarize this overview with a general perspective on this research topic and its prospective directions

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INSTITUTIONAL PHARMACY AND LIFE SCIENCES ECOSYSTEM SERVICES OF MANGROVE ASSOCIATE FLORAL SPECIES INHABITING INDIAN SUNDARBANS

ABSTRACT The mangrove ecosystem of Indian Sundarbans in the lower Gangetic delta region sustains a number of mangrove associate floral species whose ecosystem services have not been properly evaluated. We present here few ecosystem services of Porteresia coarctata and Ipomoea pes-caprae in the sphere of environment upgradation and alternative livelihood. Recent advancements in these two sectors have opened up a new horizon, which has high potential to improve the economic profile of the people living in this mangrove dominated lower Gangetic delta region. Life Sciences International Standard Serial Number (ISSN): 2249-680

ISU team project: Space debris mitigation and removal

peer reviewedThe space debris problem has been studied for over 30 years. However, we are still far away from implementing an effective approach to solve the problem. A solution will require several aspects to be addressed: technological development, political and legal frameworks, financial and business aspects, and strategies of raising awareness in the general public and political decision makers. Most spacefaring nations appear to be adopting a 'wait-and-see' approach to the problem. All these aspects are investigated with a multidisciplinary approach. The paper addresses debris mitigation and removal from a technical perspective. Then, political, legal, economic and organisational aspects are described, as well as the awareness issue of the problem. Finally a set of recommendations is offered in the frame of a roadmap comprising short-term (2013-2016), mid-term (2016-2020) and long-term (2020-2053). The recommendations will show how to build-up the technological knowledge, and the economic and legal framework to enable, starting in 2020, a sustainable use of space thanks to the full adherence of mitigation guidelines and the active removal of 10 extra-large debris per year managed by a dedicated international organisation supported by adequate funding. This paper is based on the findings of the International Space University Space Studies Programme (ISU SSP) Team Project: Space Debris Mitigation and Removal. The findings are the result of the research of a team consisting of about 40 professionals and students active in the field of space at the ISU SSP. The Programme was organised by ISU in cooperation with Florida Institute of Technology and NASA Kennedy Space Center